/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Reading practice — batch 4: more A1/A2/B1
   Extends window.READING_DATA
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window.READING_DATA = (window.READING_DATA || []).concat([

  /* ─── A1 · STORY ─── */
  {
    id: 'elevator-broken', level: 'A1', icon: '🛗', minutes: 3,
    kind: { en: 'Story', ar: 'قصة', tr: 'Hikâye' },
    title: { en: 'The Elevator Is Broken', ar: 'المصعد معطل', tr: 'Asansör Bozuk' },
    summary: {
      en: 'Eight floors, no elevator, and an important meeting in ten minutes.',
      ar: 'ثمانية طوابق، بلا مصعد، واجتماع مهم بعد عشر دقائق.',
      tr: 'Sekiz kat, asansör yok ve on dakika sonra önemli bir toplantı.',
    },
    figure: {
      caption: { en: 'Omar runs up the stairs with his laptop bag.', ar: 'عمر يصعد الدرج راكضاً مع حقيبة حاسوبه.', tr: 'Omar dizüstü bilgisayar çantasıyla merdivenleri koşarak çıkıyor.' },
      prompt: 'Omar (cast figure) running up an office stairwell with a laptop bag, slightly out of breath, an out-of-order sign on the elevator door behind him.',
    },
    body: [
      'Omar arrives at the office at 8:50. His meeting is at 9:00, on the eighth [[floor]]. He walks to the elevator and presses the button. Nothing happens.',
      'Then he sees a paper on the door: "OUT OF ORDER. Please use the [[stairs]]. Sorry!" Omar looks at his watch. Ten minutes. Eight floors. He starts to climb.',
      'On the third floor, he is fine. On the fifth floor, he is slow. On the seventh floor, he is very tired and his legs [[hurt]]. He thinks: "I need to do more sport!"',
      'At 8:59, he opens the door of the meeting room. His face is red and he [[breathes]] fast. But he is on time! His manager smiles and says: "Good morning, Omar. Coffee? I think you need one."',
      'After the meeting, Omar gets a message from the building team: "The elevator works again." Omar laughs. "Perfect [[timing]]," he says — and takes the elevator down.',
    ],
    vocab: {
      'floor':    { pos: 'noun', def: 'a level of a building', ex: 'Our office is on the eighth floor.' },
      'stairs':   { pos: 'noun', def: 'steps that go up and down inside a building', ex: 'Take the stairs — it is healthy!' },
      'hurt':     { pos: 'verb', def: 'to feel pain', ex: 'My legs hurt after the long walk.' },
      'breathes': { pos: 'verb', def: 'takes air in and out of the body', ex: 'He breathes fast after running.' },
      'timing':   { pos: 'noun', def: 'the moment when something happens', ex: 'The timing of the news was perfect.' },
    },
    questions: [
      { type:'mcq', q:'Why does Omar take the stairs?',
        options:['He likes sport','The elevator is out of order','The meeting is on floor one','He is early'], a:1,
        explainEn:'The sign says: "OUT OF ORDER. Please use the stairs."', explainAr:'اللافتة تقول إن المصعد معطل.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'How does Omar feel on the seventh floor?',
        options:['Fine','Happy','Very tired','Cold'], a:2,
        explainEn:'"On the seventh floor, he is very tired and his legs hurt."', explainAr:'في الطابق السابع كان متعباً جداً.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'Is Omar late for the meeting?',
        options:['Yes, ten minutes late','No, he arrives at 8:59','Yes, one hour late','The meeting is cancelled'], a:1,
        explainEn:'He opens the door at 8:59 — on time!', explainAr:'فتح الباب في ٨:٥٩ — في الوقت المحدد!' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'True or false: The elevator works again after the meeting.',
        options:['True','False'], a:0,
        explainEn:'True — the building team writes: "The elevator works again."', explainAr:'صحيح — عاد المصعد للعمل بعد الاجتماع.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'Steps that go up and down in a building are the ___.', a:'stairs',
        explainEn:'He climbs the stairs to floor eight.', explainAr:'stairs تعني الدرج.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'A level of a building is a ___.', a:'floor',
        explainEn:'The meeting is on the eighth floor.', explainAr:'floor تعني طابقاً.' },
    ],
  },

  /* ─── A1 · STORY ─── */
  {
    id: 'grandmother-phone', level: 'A1', icon: '📱', minutes: 3,
    kind: { en: 'Story', ar: 'قصة', tr: 'Hikâye' },
    title: { en: 'Teaching Grandmother the Video Call', ar: 'تعليم الجدة مكالمة الفيديو', tr: 'Büyükanneye Görüntülü Aramayı Öğretmek' },
    summary: {
      en: 'Selin\'s grandmother has a new phone. Now she wants to see her family in Germany.',
      ar: 'جدة سيلين لديها هاتف جديد. الآن تريد رؤية عائلتها في ألمانيا.',
      tr: 'Selin\'in büyükannesinin yeni bir telefonu var. Şimdi Almanya\'daki ailesini görmek istiyor.',
    },
    figure: {
      caption: { en: 'Selin shows her grandmother how to start a video call.', ar: 'سيلين تُري جدتها كيف تبدأ مكالمة فيديو.', tr: 'Selin büyükannesine görüntülü aramanın nasıl başlatılacağını gösteriyor.' },
      prompt: 'A young woman sitting close to her smiling grandmother on a sofa, both looking at a smartphone, warm living room with tea glasses on the table.',
    },
    body: [
      'Selin\'s grandmother lives in Izmir. Her son — Selin\'s uncle — lives in Berlin with his children. The grandmother misses them very much. "I want to see their faces," she says, "not only hear their [[voices]]."',
      'So the family buys her a [[smartphone]]. But there is a problem: the grandmother has never used one. "Selin," she says, "you are an engineering student. Teach me!"',
      'Selin is patient. "Look, Grandma. You [[touch]] this green button to answer. This picture of a camera starts a video call. That\'s all."',
      'The grandmother tries. First, she touches the wrong button and opens the calculator. Then she takes a photo of her own ear. They laugh a lot. But she tries again and again.',
      'On Friday evening, the phone rings. It is Berlin! The grandmother touches the camera button — and there they are: her son and the children, waving and [[smiling]]. The grandmother cannot speak for a moment. Then she says: "You have grown so much!"',
      'Now she makes a video call every week. Last week, she called Selin and said proudly: "I also learned to send [[voice messages]]. Do you want to hear one?" Selin laughs: "Grandma, this IS a call!"',
    ],
    vocab: {
      'voices':         { pos: 'noun', def: 'the sounds people make when they speak', ex: 'I know her voice on the phone.' },
      'smartphone':     { pos: 'noun', def: 'a phone with a screen, camera, and internet', ex: 'He reads the news on his smartphone.' },
      'touch':          { pos: 'verb', def: 'to put your finger on something', ex: 'Touch the green button to answer.' },
      'smiling':        { pos: 'verb', def: 'making a happy face', ex: 'The children are smiling in the photo.' },
      'voice messages': { pos: 'noun', def: 'short recordings of speech that you send instead of text', ex: 'She sends me voice messages every morning.' },
    },
    questions: [
      { type:'mcq', q:'Why does the grandmother want a smartphone?',
        options:['To play games','To see her family\'s faces on video calls','To read the news','For work'], a:1,
        explainEn:'"I want to see their faces, not only hear their voices."', explainAr:'"أريد أن أرى وجوههم، لا أن أسمع أصواتهم فقط."' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'What happens when she first tries?',
        options:['She calls Berlin','She opens the calculator and photographs her ear','She breaks the phone','She sends an email'], a:1,
        explainEn:'She touches the wrong button and takes a photo of her ear.', explainAr:'لمست الزر الخطأ وصوّرت أذنها.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'Who calls on Friday evening?',
        options:['Selin','The family in Berlin','The phone shop','Nobody'], a:1,
        explainEn:'"The phone rings. It is Berlin!"', explainAr:'"يرن الهاتف. إنها برلين!"' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'True or false: The grandmother gives up.',
        options:['True','False'], a:1,
        explainEn:'False — she tries again and again, and now calls every week.', explainAr:'خطأ — استمرت في المحاولة وتتصل الآن كل أسبوع.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'To put your finger on the screen is to ___ it.', a:'touch',
        explainEn:'"Touch this green button to answer."', explainAr:'touch تعني يلمس.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'A phone with a screen, camera, and internet is a ___.', a:'smartphone',
        explainEn:'The family buys her a smartphone.', explainAr:'smartphone تعني هاتفاً ذكياً.' },
    ],
  },

  /* ─── A2 · ARTICLE ─── */
  {
    id: 'coffee-from-yemen', level: 'A2', icon: '☕', minutes: 4,
    kind: { en: 'Article', ar: 'مقال', tr: 'Makale' },
    title: { en: 'Coffee: From Yemen to the World', ar: 'القهوة: من اليمن إلى العالم', tr: 'Kahve: Yemen\'den Dünyaya' },
    summary: {
      en: 'Your morning cup has a long story — it begins on the mountains of Yemen and Ethiopia.',
      ar: 'لفنجانك الصباحي قصة طويلة — تبدأ في جبال اليمن وإثيوبيا.',
      tr: 'Sabah fincanının uzun bir hikâyesi var — Yemen ve Etiyopya dağlarında başlıyor.',
    },
    figure: {
      caption: { en: 'The old port of Mocha, where coffee sailed to the world.', ar: 'ميناء المخا القديم، من حيث أبحرت القهوة إلى العالم.', tr: 'Kahvenin dünyaya yelken açtığı eski Mocha limanı.' },
      prompt: 'An old Arabian port scene with wooden sailing ships being loaded with sacks of coffee beans, mountains behind, warm historical illustration mood.',
    },
    body: [
      'Every morning, people around the world drink about two billion cups of coffee. But where did this habit begin? The story starts in the mountains of Ethiopia and Yemen, hundreds of years ago.',
      'An old story says a goat farmer noticed something strange: when his goats ate red berries from a certain tree, they danced and did not sleep. People learned to dry these berries and make a hot drink. The [[energy]] in the drink — we now call it caffeine — was perfect for long nights of work and prayer.',
      'Yemen made coffee famous. The drink spread through the port city of [[Mocha]] — yes, this is where the chocolate-coffee drink gets its name! For about two hundred years, almost all the coffee in the world [[was shipped]] from this one port.',
      'From Yemen, coffee traveled to Istanbul, where the world\'s first coffee houses opened in the 1550s. People met there to talk, play games, and hear the news. Some rulers even tried to [[ban]] coffee houses — they worried that people talked too much about politics there!',
      'From Istanbul, coffee reached Vienna, Paris, and London, and coffee houses became the meeting places of writers and scientists. Later, coffee plants traveled to Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia — today\'s biggest [[producers]].',
      'So your morning cup connects four continents and five hundred years of history. Ethiopia gave the plant, Yemen gave the drink, Istanbul gave the café — and the whole world said: "Thank you. One more, please."',
    ],
    vocab: {
      'energy':      { pos: 'noun', def: 'the power to be active and not feel tired', ex: 'Coffee gives me energy in the morning.' },
      'Mocha':       { pos: 'noun', def: 'a port city in Yemen, famous for coffee — and now a coffee drink name', ex: 'Mocha was the center of the coffee trade.' },
      'was shipped': { pos: 'verb', def: 'was sent by ship (passive form)', ex: 'The coffee was shipped to Europe.' },
      'ban':         { pos: 'verb', def: 'to officially say something is not allowed', ex: 'The city wants to ban cars from the center.' },
      'producers':   { pos: 'noun', def: 'countries or companies that grow or make a product', ex: 'Brazil is the biggest coffee producer.' },
    },
    questions: [
      { type:'mcq', q:'Where does the coffee story begin?',
        options:['Brazil','France','The mountains of Ethiopia and Yemen','Vienna'], a:2,
        explainEn:'It starts in the mountains of Ethiopia and Yemen.', explainAr:'تبدأ القصة في جبال إثيوبيا واليمن.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'What did the goat farmer notice?',
        options:['His goats slept a lot','His goats danced after eating red berries','His goats were sick','His goats liked tea'], a:1,
        explainEn:'The goats ate the berries, danced, and did not sleep.', explainAr:'أكلت الماعز التوت الأحمر فرقصت ولم تنم.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'What is Mocha?',
        options:['A type of goat','A port city in Yemen','A coffee machine','A mountain in Ethiopia'], a:1,
        explainEn:'Mocha is the Yemeni port city that made coffee famous.', explainAr:'المخا مدينة ميناء يمنية جعلت القهوة مشهورة.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'Where did the first coffee houses open?',
        options:['Paris','London','Istanbul','Vienna'], a:2,
        explainEn:'The world\'s first coffee houses opened in Istanbul in the 1550s.', explainAr:'افتُتحت أولى المقاهي في إسطنبول في خمسينيات القرن السادس عشر.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'To officially say something is not allowed is to ___ it.', a:'ban',
        explainEn:'Some rulers tried to ban coffee houses.', explainAr:'ban تعني يحظر.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'Countries that grow or make a product are called ___.', a:'producers',
        explainEn:'Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia are today\'s biggest producers.', explainAr:'producers تعني المنتجين.' },
    ],
  },

  /* ─── A2 · STORY ─── */
  {
    id: 'lost-luggage', level: 'A2', icon: '🧳', minutes: 4,
    kind: { en: 'Story', ar: 'قصة', tr: 'Hikâye' },
    title: { en: 'The Lost Suitcase', ar: 'الحقيبة المفقودة', tr: 'Kayıp Bavul' },
    summary: {
      en: 'Hasan lands in Jeddah for a job interview. His suitcase lands somewhere else.',
      ar: 'يهبط حسن في جدة لمقابلة عمل. حقيبته تهبط في مكان آخر.',
      tr: 'Hasan iş görüşmesi için Cidde\'ye iniyor. Bavulu ise başka bir yere.',
    },
    figure: {
      caption: { en: 'Hasan waits at the empty baggage belt.', ar: 'حسن ينتظر عند سير الحقائب الفارغ.', tr: 'Hasan boş bagaj bandında bekliyor.' },
      prompt: 'A man standing alone at an airport baggage carousel that is empty and stopped, holding a small backpack, looking at his watch with concern.',
    },
    body: [
      'Hasan flies from Istanbul to Jeddah on Tuesday evening. On Wednesday morning, he has a job interview at an engineering company. In his suitcase: his best suit, his shoes, and his printed [[certificates]].',
      'At the airport, he waits at the baggage belt. Bags come out, one by one. People take them and leave. After thirty minutes, the belt stops. Hasan\'s suitcase is not there.',
      'He goes to the "Lost [[Luggage]]" desk. A kind woman checks the computer. "I\'m very sorry, sir. Your suitcase is still in Istanbul. It will arrive tomorrow evening." Hasan\'s heart drops. "But my interview is tomorrow MORNING!"',
      'In the taxi, Hasan thinks. Crying will not help. He makes a plan: the hotel has an [[iron]], and next to the hotel there is a small shopping street. At 9 p.m., he buys a simple white shirt, grey trousers, and black shoes. Not his best clothes — but clean and [[neat]].',
      'The next morning, Hasan tells the interviewers the truth: "Please excuse my simple clothes. The airline lost my suitcase — my suit and my certificates will arrive tonight. I can send you copies of everything today by email."',
      'The manager smiles. "You arrived, you solved the problem, and you told us clearly what happened. Honestly? That is exactly what we want from an engineer." Two weeks later, Hasan gets the job. His suitcase now travels with him — [[carry-on]] only.',
    ],
    vocab: {
      'certificates': { pos: 'noun', def: 'official papers that show your education or skills', ex: 'Bring your certificates to the interview.' },
      'luggage':      { pos: 'noun', def: 'the bags and suitcases you travel with', ex: 'My luggage is heavy.' },
      'iron':         { pos: 'noun', def: 'a hot tool that makes clothes flat and smooth', ex: 'The hotel room has an iron.' },
      'neat':         { pos: 'adjective', def: 'clean and tidy in appearance', ex: 'His clothes were simple but neat.' },
      'carry-on':     { pos: 'noun', def: 'a small bag you take with you inside the plane', ex: 'I travel with carry-on only.' },
    },
    questions: [
      { type:'mcq', q:'What is in Hasan\'s suitcase?',
        options:['Books and food','His suit, shoes, and certificates','A laptop','Gifts for his family'], a:1,
        explainEn:'His best suit, his shoes, and his printed certificates.', explainAr:'بدلته وحذاؤه وشهاداته المطبوعة.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'When will the suitcase arrive?',
        options:['Tomorrow morning','Tomorrow evening — after the interview','In one week','It is lost forever'], a:1,
        explainEn:'"It will arrive tomorrow evening" — but the interview is in the morning.', explainAr:'ستصل مساء الغد — لكن المقابلة صباحاً.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'What does Hasan do about clothes?',
        options:['He wears his travel clothes','He buys simple, neat clothes in the evening','He cancels the interview','He borrows a suit'], a:1,
        explainEn:'He buys a white shirt, grey trousers, and black shoes at 9 p.m.', explainAr:'اشترى قميصاً وبنطالاً وحذاءً في المساء.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'Why does the manager like Hasan?',
        options:['His expensive suit','He arrived, solved the problem, and explained clearly','His certificates','His taxi story'], a:1,
        explainEn:'"You arrived, you solved the problem, and you told us clearly what happened."', explainAr:'"وصلت وحللت المشكلة وشرحت بوضوح ما حدث."' },
      { type:'fill', q:'The bags you travel with are your ___.', a:'luggage',
        explainEn:'He goes to the Lost Luggage desk.', explainAr:'luggage تعني الأمتعة.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'Clean and tidy in appearance means ___.', a:'neat',
        explainEn:'Not his best clothes — but clean and neat.', explainAr:'neat تعني أنيقاً مرتباً.' },
    ],
  },

  /* ─── B1 · ARTICLE ─── */
  {
    id: 'why-bridges-sing', level: 'B1', icon: '🎻', minutes: 5,
    kind: { en: 'Article', ar: 'مقال', tr: 'Makale' },
    title: { en: 'Why Bridges Sing: The Danger of Resonance', ar: 'لماذا تغني الجسور: خطر الرنين', tr: 'Köprüler Neden Şarkı Söyler: Rezonans Tehlikesi' },
    summary: {
      en: 'Soldiers break step on bridges, and one famous bridge twisted itself apart. The reason is the same physics.',
      ar: 'الجنود يكسرون خطوتهم على الجسور، وجسر شهير لوى نفسه حتى انهار. السبب هو الفيزياء نفسها.',
      tr: 'Askerler köprülerde adımlarını bozar ve ünlü bir köprü kendini bükerek yıkıldı. Sebep aynı fizik.',
    },
    figure: {
      caption: { en: 'The Tacoma Narrows Bridge twists in the wind, 1940.', ar: 'جسر تاكوما ناروز يلتوي في الرياح، ١٩٤٠.', tr: 'Tacoma Narrows Köprüsü rüzgârda bükülüyor, 1940.' },
      prompt: 'A dramatic illustration of the 1940 Tacoma Narrows suspension bridge twisting in strong wind, its deck waving like a ribbon, grey stormy sky.',
    },
    body: [
      'Every object likes to [[vibrate]] at certain speeds — its natural frequencies. A guitar string, a glass, a building, a bridge: each has its own. Push an object at exactly its natural frequency, and something surprising happens: each small push adds to the last one, and the movement grows bigger and bigger. This effect is called [[resonance]].',
      'You already know resonance from a children\'s playground. To push a child on a swing higher, you do not push harder — you push at the *right moment*, in rhythm with the swing. Small pushes, perfect timing, huge motion. That is resonance in action.',
      'Now imagine hundreds of soldiers marching across a bridge, left-right, left-right, all in perfect [[step]]. If their rhythm matches the bridge\'s natural frequency, every step pushes the bridge like a hand pushing a swing. In 1831, a bridge in Manchester, England, [[collapsed]] under marching soldiers — and since then, armies around the world have a strict rule: soldiers must "break step" when crossing a bridge.',
      'The most famous resonance disaster is the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the USA. Opened in July 1940, the elegant bridge moved so much in the wind that drivers nicknamed it "Galloping Gertie." Four months later, in a steady wind, the deck began to twist — a little, then more, then violently — until the bridge tore itself apart. Amazingly, film cameras recorded everything, and the video became the most-watched physics lesson in engineering history.',
      'Modern engineers treat resonance with deep respect. They calculate a structure\'s natural frequencies before building, and they add [[dampers]] — devices that absorb vibration energy, like shock absorbers in a car. The Taipei 101 tower carries a 660-ton steel ball near its top; when wind or earthquakes shake the tower, the ball swings the opposite way and calms the building.',
      'The lesson of resonance is bigger than bridges: small forces, repeated at the right rhythm, can move giant structures. In engineering, that is a danger to design against. In learning — as any good language student knows — it is a strategy: small efforts, repeated in rhythm, move mountains.',
    ],
    vocab: {
      'vibrate':   { pos: 'verb', def: 'to move back and forth very quickly', ex: 'The phone vibrates when a message arrives.' },
      'resonance': { pos: 'noun', def: 'when small repeated pushes at the right rhythm make movement grow very large', ex: 'Resonance destroyed the bridge.' },
      'step':      { pos: 'noun', def: 'the rhythm of walking; marching "in step" = all together', ex: 'The soldiers marched in step.' },
      'collapsed': { pos: 'verb', def: 'fell down suddenly', ex: 'The old wall collapsed in the storm.' },
      'dampers':   { pos: 'noun', def: 'devices that absorb vibration energy and reduce movement', ex: 'The tower has dampers against strong wind.' },
    },
    questions: [
      { type:'mcq', q:'What is resonance?',
        options:['A type of bridge','Small pushes at the right rhythm making movement grow','A strong wind','A building material'], a:1,
        explainEn:'Pushes at the natural frequency add up, and movement grows.', explainAr:'الدفعات الصغيرة بالإيقاع الصحيح تجعل الحركة تكبر.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'Why do soldiers break step on bridges?',
        options:['To walk faster','So their rhythm cannot match the bridge\'s natural frequency','To rest','It is a tradition with no reason'], a:1,
        explainEn:'Marching in rhythm could push the bridge like a swing.', explainAr:'المشي بإيقاع واحد قد يدفع الجسر كالأرجوحة.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'What happened to the Tacoma Narrows Bridge?',
        options:['It was hit by a ship','It twisted in the wind until it tore apart','It was destroyed in a war','It is still standing'], a:1,
        explainEn:'The deck twisted more and more until the bridge tore itself apart.', explainAr:'التوى سطح الجسر أكثر فأكثر حتى تمزق.' },
      { type:'mcq', q:'What does the steel ball in Taipei 101 do?',
        options:['Generates electricity','Swings opposite to the tower\'s movement and calms it','Holds the elevator cables','Decorates the lobby'], a:1,
        explainEn:'It swings the opposite way and absorbs the movement — a damper.', explainAr:'تتأرجح عكس حركة البرج فتهدئه.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'Devices that absorb vibration energy are called ___.', a:'dampers',
        explainEn:'Engineers add dampers, like shock absorbers in a car.', explainAr:'dampers تعني مخمدات الاهتزاز.' },
      { type:'fill', q:'To fall down suddenly is to ___.', a:'collapse',
        explainEn:'A bridge in Manchester collapsed under marching soldiers.', explainAr:'collapse تعني ينهار.' },
    ],
  },

]);